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1. Museums and Memorials UNITED STATES United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Located in Washington, DC, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum is America’s national institution for the documentation, study, and interpretation of Holocaust history and serves as this country’s memorial to the millions of people murdered during the Holocaust. This site includes:
Simon Wiesenthal Center Headquartered in Los Angeles, the Simon Wiesenthal Center is an international center for Holocaust remembrance, and the defense of human rights and the Jewish people. This site includes:
ISRAEL Yad Vashem: The Holocaust Martyrs and Heroes Remembrance Authority Located in Jerusalem, Yad Vashem is Israel’s national museum and memorial dedicated to the victims of the Holocaust. This site includes:
The Ghetto Fighters’ House: Museum of the Holocaust and Resistance Located on Kibbutz Lochamei Haghetaot in the northern Galilee region of Israel, the Ghetto Fighters’ House is dedicated to telling the story of the Holocaust and the endurance of the Jewish people. This site includes:
EUROPE Memorial Museums for the Victims of National Socialism in Germany http://www.dhm.de/ausstellungen/ns_gedenk/e/index.html This web site, created and maintained by the Topography of Terror museum and memorial in Berlin, provides an overview and directory of memorials and museums to the victims of National Socialism in Germany. This site includes:
Anne Frank House The official web site of the Anne Frank House in Amsterdam, Netherlands includes information about:
The Mechelen Museum of Deportation and Resistance http://www.cicb.be/shoah/welcome.html Belgium’s Holocaust Museum, located in the barracks of a former deportation center in Malines. It is a museum about the deportation of Belgian Jews as well as the anti-Nazi resistance. This site includes:
Musee Memorial des Enfants d’Izieu (Memorial Museum of the Children of Izieu) The Memorial Museum of the Children of Izieu keeps alive the memory of the children of Izieu, France who fell victim to the Nazi Holocaust. The site includes:
2. Major Web sites on the Holocaust HOTLISTS: DIRECTORIES OF HOLOCAUST-RELATED WEB RESOURCES David Dickerson’s Homepage http://www.igc.apc.org/ddickerson/ David Dickerson maintains this personal homepage as part of his collaboration with the folks at I*EARN. It includes:
Holocaust and Jewish Studies http://www.vwc.edu/wwwpages/dgraf/holocaus.htm Dr. Dan Graf, a history professor at Virginia Wesleyan College, created this list of Holocaust-related links. It is not annotated, but it is fairly extensive and easy-to-use. Remembering the Holocaust http://yarra.vicnet.net.au/~aragorn/holocaus.htm This is a personal web site created by Andrew Rajchera, a descendant of Polish Holocaust survivors in Australia. Rajchera created this page as memorial to those who perished and to honor those who survived. It includes:
Dr. Al Filreis’s Literature of the Holocaust http://www.english.upenn.edu/~afilreis/Holocaust/holhome.html Dr. Filreis, an English teacher at the University of Pennsylvania, created this site as a reference list for students in his Literature of the Holocaust class. It includes:
THE HOLOCAUST Cybrary of the Holocaust The Cybrary of the Holocaust is continuously adding information to its web site, and is one of the largest Holocaust-related web sites geared toward educators and students. This site includes:
Ben Austin’s Holocaust/Shoah http://www.mtsu.edu/~baustin/holo.html Ben Austin, a sociology professor at Middle Tennessee State University, constructed this web site to support his class, "The Sociology of Genocide and the Holocaust." It includes:
Holocausto http://www.glue.umd.edu/%7Eaap/shoah.html This Spanish language web site was created by Alberto A. Pink·s and is hosted by the Glue Network at the University of Maryland. It includes:
An Auschwitz Alphabet http://www.spectacle.org/695/ausch.html Jonathan Blumen’s personal web site is dedicated to Primo Levi, chemist, writer and survivor of Auschwitz. While Blumen does not try to be as comprehensive as the Cybrary or Nizkor, his site gives a general overview of the Holocaust through excerpts from memoirs and scholarly writings, primarily Levi’s. The site also includes a rationale and philosophy written by the author who explains his personal and theological interpretations of the Holocaust, including his belief that "there is no god." Includes links to other Holocaust-related sites. The History Place: World War Two in Europe http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/ The History Place – http://www.historyplace.com/ -- is a commercial organization whose web site is "dedicated to students, educators, and all who enjoy history!" The World War Two in Europe section includes:
CONCENTRATION CAMPS AND LIBERATION Remembering the Holocaust http://www.ohioonline.net/v01/i04/holocaust.html This article from the magazine, Ohio Online, tells the story of a German refugee turned American army liberator, and includes links to his photo exhibition, In the Camps, at the Goethe Institute of Cincinnati, Ohio --www.goethe.de/trans/. Mauthausen Concentration Camp Memorial http://www.mauthausen-memorial.gv.at/engl/index.html The official Mauthausen Concentration Camp Memorial web site of the Austrian Ministry of the Interior. This site includes:
KZ Mauthausen-Gusen Sponsored by ORF, the Austrian Broadcasting Corporation, this site on the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp includes:
Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site http://www.infospace.de/gedenkstaette/english/index.html Still under construction, the official web site of the Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial presently includes:
Gedenkstatte Buchenwald http://195.145.20.2/www.buchenwald.de/index-e.htm The official site of the Buchenwald Concentration Camp Memorial (Gedenkstatte) includes:
The Forgotten Camps http://www2.3dresearch.com/~june/Vincent/Camps/CampsEngl.html This site was developed by Vincent Chatel (the son of a survivor) and Chuck Ferrela (a liberator) to provide histories of several small Nazi concentration camps, labor camps, and transit camps. It includes:
Gunskirchen, Austria – May 4, 1945 http://javanet.com/~jmooney/71st_html/index.html This site was personally mounted by John Mooney. It includes:
Twelfth Armored Division and the Liberation of Death Camps http://nicanor.acu.edu/academics/history/12ad/campsx/cover.htm Created by students in the History Department of Abilene Christian University, this site includes:
Mittelbau-Dora Concentration Camp Members.aol.com/InfDiv104/CONCAMP.HTM A subsection of the official homepage of the 104th Infantry Division National Timberwolf Association, this web site is portrays the history of the 104th Infantry Divisions liberation of Mittelbau-Dora. For more information about the 104th, visit the URL <Members.aol.com/InfDiv104>. This site includes:
L’Chaim: A Holocaust Web Project http://www.charm.net/~rbennett/l’chaim.html Developed and maintained by Robert J. Bennett, a graduate student at the University of Baltimore, this site highlights:
GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS The Netherlands in World War II: A Bibliography http://www-lib.usc.edu/~anthonya/dutbib.htm This site, hosted at the University of Southern California server, highlights two lectures presented by Anthony Anderson at USC on October 17, 1995 and October 24, 1995 respectively. The site also includes a bibliography. The lecture titles are:
Ghetto Bochnia 1941-1943 http://connection.com/yizkor/INDEX.HTM A personal site created by I. Zelinkovsky. This site is the product of Zelinkovsky’s personal research into his family’s history during the Holocaust in the Bochnia ghetto. It includes:
DOCUMENTS AND PHOTOS The Avalon Project at the Yale Law School: 20th Century Documents http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/20th.htm The Avalon Project at the Yale Law School, directed by William C. Fray and Lisa A. Spar, contains digital documents relevant to the fields of Law, History, Economics, Politics, Diplomacy and Government. The 20th century section of the site includes:
History of Germany: Primary Documents http://library.byu.edu/~rdh/eurodocs/germany.html Richard Hacken, the European Studies Bibliographer in the Harold B. Lee Library at Brigham Young University, maintains this site. It contains an extensive list of links to various websites containing on-line documents related to German history. There are links to several documents on Nazism and the Holocaust including:
German Propaganda Archive: Nazi and East German Propaganda http://www.calvin.edu/academic/cas/gpa/ Hosted through the Department of Communication Arts and Sciences of Calvin College in Grand Rapids, MI, this site highlights:
Electric Zen: The Einsatzgruppen http://www.pgonline.com/electriczen/index.html This personal page was created by Ken Lewis. It includes:
Court TV Casefiles on the Nuremberg Trials http://www.courttv.com/casefiles/nuremberg/ Court TV hosts this web site on the Nuremberg Trials. Although visitors will notice many typos and misspellings, the site includes quite a bit of information:
Holocaust Pictures Exhibition http://modb.oce.ulg.ac.be/schmitz/holocaust.html FranÁois Schmitz created this photo gallery to provide easier access to Holocaust photographs that were originally displayed on the Nysernet Holocaust gopher by Daniel Keren. This site includes:
Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation Founded by Steven Spielberg in 1994, Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation is a nonprofit organization dedicated to videotaping and archiving interviews of Holocaust survivors all over the world. The Foundation is compiling the most comprehensive library of survivor testimony ever assembled. This site presently contains general information. Fortunoff Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies http://www.library.yale.edu/testimonies/homepage.html A collection of over 3,700 videotaped interviews with witnesses and survivors of the Holocaust, the Fortunoff Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies is part of Manuscripts and Archives, at Sterling Memorial Library, Yale University. Their web site includes:
Holocaust Survivor Oral History Project http://www.umd.umich.edu/lib/holo/ Dr. Sid Bolkosky, Professor of History at the University of Michigan -Dearborn, has interviewed over 150 survivors of the Holocaust. Recordings and transcriptions of his interviews are becoming available at the Mardigian Library of the University of Michigan--Dearborn through Interlibrary Loan. This web site highlights:
Anne Frank Online The Anne Frank Center USA was founded in 1977 to educate people about the causes, instruments and dangers of discrimination and violence through the story of Anne Frank. This site includes:
An Interview with Primo Levi http://www.inch.com/~ari/levi1.html This personal site was created by an Israeli-born composer living in New York. It includes the transcript of an Italian television crew’s interview with Primo Levi during his visit to Auschwitz in 1982, 40 years after his imprisonment there. Includes images of book covers, portraits, and photographs. This site offers unique and personal recollections; it is especially worth a visit for fans of Levi’s writings. Women and the Holocaust: A Cyberspace of Their Own http://www.interlog.com/~mighty/ A collection of materials compiled by Judy Cohen. This web site includes:
When Heaven’s Vault Cracked: Zagreb Memories http://www.clarityconnect.com/webpages/novak/zdenka/table.htm Dani Novak has placed his mother Zdenka’s memoir on-line. This personal web site provides the complete memoir of a Yugoslavian Jew during the Holocaust. The Impact of the Holocaust on Survivors and Their Children http://ddi.digital.net/~billw/HOLOCAUST/holocaust.html An essay written by Sandra S. Williams in the Judaic Studies Program at the University of Central Florida. Also available on-line from Williams is a paper entitled The Origins of Christian Anti-semitism at http://ddi.digital.net/~billw/ANTI/anti-semitism.html. Both essays include footnotes and bibliographies. NON-JEWISH VICTIMS OF THE NAZIS Five Million Forgotten http://www.holocaustforgotten.com/ Five Million Forgotten is a project of the Holocaust Forgotten Memorial in Encino, CA. Terese Pencak Schwartz, a child of Christian Polish survivors, wrote the primary text of the site. Her primary sources of information were The Forgotten Holocaust by Richard C. Lukas and The Jews and the Poles in World War II by Stefan Korbonski. This site includes:
Roma Homepage http://www.aloha.net/~bohem/roma.html This personal site is maintained by Peter Stuart of Hawaii. It includes information about Romani history, language, culture, persecution, and more. Watchtower: Official Web site of Jehovah’s Witnesses A publication of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania, this site includes information about:
The Pink Triangle Pages: The history of Nazi persecution of gay men and lesbians Maintained on the Carnegie Mellon University server by Scott Safier, this personal page provides a good, footnoted history of gays during the Holocaust. The background color of the screen is hot pink which can make the site difficult to read. Includes:
RESCUE AND RESISTANCE To Save a Life -- Stories of Jewish Rescue http://www.humboldt.edu/~rescuers/ Written and maintained by Ellen Land-Weber, this site contains excerpts from an unpublished book about the rescue of Jews during the Holocaust. Ellen Land-Weber teaches photography and digital imaging in the Art Department of Humboldt State University in Arcata, CA. The inspiration for her book is the study of altruism by Humboldt State University Professors Samuel and Pearl Oliner. This site features:
Labor and the Holocaust: The Jewish Labor Committee and the Anti-Nazi Struggle http://www.bobst.nyu.edu/digicolls/tam/exhibits/JLC/opener.html Hosted by New York University, this web site highlights material both graphic and textual in the Jewish Labor Committee collection at NYU’s Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives. Photographs and documents are integrated into chapters of text. The site includes information on:
The White Rose http://members.aol.com/weiberose/index.html This personal site on the German resistance group, the White Rose, includes:
Raoul Wallenberg http://www.raoul-wallenberg.com/ The Raoul Wallenberg homepage was written and designed by David J Metzler. The primary history sources for Mr. Metzler’s research were Swedish Portraits - Raoul Wallenberg by Jan Larsson and published by the Swedish Institute 1996, and With Raoul Wallenberg In Budapest by Per Anger and published by the United States Holocaust Museum 1996. This site includes:
Oswego: The Safe Haven http://syracuse.com/safehaven/story.html Based out of Oswego, NY, Safe Haven Inc. is a non-profit volunteer organization dedicated to telling the story of the American shelter for refugees fleeing the Nazis -- the Fort Ontario Emergency Refugee Shelter. This site was developed with the assistance of the Syracuse Newspapers and New World Media. In addition, Safe Haven Inc. has developed a curriculum to be used in high schools and colleges. Their site includes:
Archive of Materials on Bulgarian Jewry During WWII http://ASUdesign.eas.asu.edu/places/Bulgaria/Jewish/ Plamen Bliznakov, a 1996 PhD graduate of the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Arizona State University, maintains this personal site. It includes:
Rescuers During the Holocaust: Bibliography/Videography Books -- http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/mmbt/www/rescuers.html Articles -- http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/mmbt/www/re-articles.html Videos -- http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/mmbt/www/re-videos.html Maintained by Mary A. Mark, M.Sc., a research programmar at Carnegie Mellon University, these sites include:
3. Educational Resources and Programs: Teacher Training, Resources, Cooperative Learning and Discussion Lists (Listservs) Southern Institute for Education and Research at Tulane University http://www.tulane.edu/~so-inst/ Located on the Tulane University campus and governed by an independent, volunteer board of directors, the Southern Institute for Education and Research is a non-profit race and ethnic relations center dedicated to promoting tolerance through education and training. Their web site highlights antibias education training resources for combating prejudice that includes:
H-HOLOCAUST http://h-net.msu.edu/~holoweb/ H-HOLOCAUST is a member of the H-NET Humanities & Social Sciences On-Line initiative sponsored by Michigan State University. H-HOLOCAUST exists so scholars of the Holocaust can communicate with each other using internet technology, and makes available diverse bibliographical, research and teaching aids. This web site corresponds to an electronic discussion list of the same name serving scholors of the Holocaust. Three other discussion lists maintained under H-Net are H-ANTIS (History of Antisemitism), H-JUDAIC (Jewish Studies), and H-GERMAN (German History). Their corresponding homepages are found at http://h-net.msu.edu/~antis/, http://h-net2.msu.edu/~judaic/, and http://h-net.msu.edu/~german/. The H-HOLOCAUST Homepage includes:
I*EARN: Holocaust and Genocide Project I*EARN is a non-profit service that facilitates international cooperative distance learning for secondary school students using the Web and other media. I*EARN includes a project specifically on the Holocaust and genocide. The Holocaust and Genocide Project (HGP) involves schools (Grades 7-12) living in countries including the United States, Israel, Australia, Poland, Germany, Argentina, Romania, Russia, and Cambodia. The HGP web site includes:
Facing History and Ourselves Facing History and Ourselves is a national educational and professional development organization whose mission is to engage students of diverse backgrounds in an examination of racism, prejudice, and antisemitism in order to promote the development of a more humane and informed citizenry. This site includes:
Social Studies School Service Catalogue of Holocaust Resources & Materials http://socialstudies.com/holo.html Social Studies School Service searches out, evaluates and sells educational materials through over 30 different catalogues. This web site highlights books, videos, posters, and other materials that are available in their Holocaust resources & materials catalogue. It includes:
A Teacher’s Guide to the Holocaust http://fcit.coedu.usf.edu/holocaust/default.htm This site was produced and maintained by the Florida Center for Instructional Technology located in the College of Education at the University of South Florida in Tampa. It includes:
The Holocaust: A Guide to Pennsylvania Teachers http://www.virtual.co.il/education/education/holocaust/guide/ Written by Gary Grobman for the state of Pennsylvania, this curriculum is available on-line through the Virtual Jerusalem web site <http://www.virtualjerusalem.com/>. The curriculum includes sections on:
Shamash: The Jewish Internet Consortium Shamash is a worldwide consortium of Jewish organizations and enterprises which collaborate to provide an open Jewish network on the Internet. Their site contains a massive annotated hotlist of web sites about Judaism and Jewish resources. The Holocaust section of this site [http://shamash.org/holocaust/] includes:
Jewishnet: Global Jewish Information Network Established by Dov Winer, Jewishnet is a massive collection of Jewish-related links categorized under various topic headings. Aside from links relating to the Holocaust and antisemitism, this site provides a jumping off point to information including:
The Virtual Shtetl: Yiddish Language and Culture http://sunsite.unc.edu/yiddish/shtetl.html Heralded as a "virtual community," by its creator -- Iosif Vaisman, Director of Computational Resource for Molecular Sciences and Biotechnology and Research Assistant Professor in the School of Pharmacy at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill -- Shtetl includes:
Virtual Jerusalem: The Jewish World From the Heart of Israel http://www.virtualjerusalem.com/ Virtual Jerusalem touts itself as the largest Jewish web site on the internet; it has amassed links to hundreds of sites of interest to Jews and non-Jews throughout the world, including a significant amount of information on the Holocaust at http://www.virtual.co.il/education/education/holocaust/. This section includes the Pennsylvania State Curriculum on the Holocaust. Virtual Jerusalem also includes a link to the Maven: The Virtual Know-It-All site at http://www.maven.co.il/. Maven is a specialized search mechanism for finding Jewish-related sites on the web.
Beyond the Pale: The History of Jews in Russia http://www.friends-partners.org/partners/beyond-the-pale/index.html Conceived, researched, and written by Joke Kniesmeyer and Daniel Cil Becher, Beyond the Pale is an on-line version of their original exhibit that has toured Russia since 1995. The exhibit portrays the history of Jews in Europe and in Russia to help understand their life, religion and culture, as well as depicting the history of anti-Jewish attitudes and anti-Semitism today. In the words of the exhibit designers, "the exhibition wants to warn of the great dangers of prejudice and intolerance, particularly in times of political uncertainty and increased social tension." Includes text, historical photos, and artifact photos illustrating:
5. Germany: History, Culture, and Current Events Deutsches Historisches Museum, Berlin (German Historical Museum, Berlin) Located in Berlin, the German Historical Museum web site includes a searchable database of its collections (in German), an extensive list of links to other museums (particularly those in Germany including concentration camp memorials), and several on-line exhibitions and presentations, including:
H-GERMAN (See also H-HOLOCAUST in the Educational Resources and Programs section) http://h-net2.msu.edu/~german/ H-GERMAN is one of the H-Net family of humanities networks sponsored by the Michigan State University. It is a daily Internet discussion forum focused on scholarly topics in German history. H-GERMAN solicits submissions in both German and English, and it is designed primarily for spreading information to professional historians, and membership is therefore restricted to active scholars (professors, lecturers, librarians, archivists, graduate students seeking a master's or doctorate, etc.). The web site includes:
German Resources http://www.mcs.net/~zupko/german.htm Maintained by Sarah J. Zupko, M.A., Journalism, The University of Texas at Austin, the German Resources page features information about Germany with an emphasis on culture and media. This site is basically a list of links to other web sites on Germany. It includes links to information about cultural icons such as Goethe, Kandinsky, and Wagner, and media resources such as Der Spiegel, Stern, and Die Welt. GermNews http://www.mathematik.uni-ulm.de/de-news This site offers:
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